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　　SCENE I. A room in POLONIUS' house.

　　Enter POLONIUS and REYNALDO

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　Give him this money and these notes, Reynaldo.

　　REYNALDO

　　I will, my lord.

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　You shall do marvellous wisely, good Reynaldo,

　　Before you visit him, to make inquire

　　Of his behavior.

　　REYNALDO

　　My lord, I did intend it.

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　Marry, well said; very well said. Look you, sir,

　　Inquire me first what Danskers are in Paris;

　　And how, and who, what means, and where they keep,

　　What company, at what expense; and finding

　　By this encompassment and drift of question

　　That they do know my son, come you more nearer

　　Than your particular demands will touch it:

　　Take you, as 'twere, some distant knowledge of him;

　　As thus, 'I know his father and his friends,

　　And in part him: ' do you mark this, Reynaldo?

　　REYNALDO

　　Ay, very well, my lord.

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　'And in part him; but' you may say 'not well:

　　But, if't be he I mean, he's very wild;

　　Addicted so and so:' and there put on him

　　What forgeries you please; marry, none so rank

　　As may dishonour him; take heed of that;

　　But, sir, such wanton, wild and usual slips

　　As are companions noted and most known

　　To youth and liberty.

　　REYNALDO

　　As gaming, my lord.

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　Ay, or drinking, fencing, swearing, quarrelling,

　　Drabbing: you may go so far.

　　REYNALDO

　　My lord, that would dishonour him.

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　'Faith, no; as you may season it in the charge

　　You must not put another scandal on him,

　　That he is open to incontinency;

　　That's not my meaning: but breathe his faults so quaintly

　　That they may seem the taints of liberty,

　　The flash and outbreak of a fiery mind,

　　A savageness in unreclaimed blood,

　　Of general assault.

　　REYNALDO

　　But, my good lord,--

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　Wherefore should you do this?

　　REYNALDO

　　Ay, my lord,

　　I would know that.

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　Marry, sir, here's my drift;

　　And I believe, it is a fetch of wit:

　　You laying these slight sullies on my son,

　　As 'twere a thing a little soil'd i' the working, Mark you,

　　Your party in converse, him you would sound,

　　Having ever seen in the prenominate crimes

　　The youth you breathe of guilty, be assured

　　He closes with you in this consequence;

　　'Good sir,' or so, or 'friend,' or 'gentleman,'

　　According to the phrase or the addition

　　Of man and country.

　　REYNALDO

　　Very good, my lord.

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　And then, sir, does he this--he does--what was I

　　about to say? By the mass, I was about to say

　　something: where did I leave?

　　REYNALDO

　　At 'closes in the consequence,' at 'friend or so,'

　　and 'gentleman.'

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　At 'closes in the consequence,' ay, marry;

　　He closes thus: 'I know the gentleman;

　　I saw him yesterday, or t' other day,

　　Or then, or then; with such, or such; and, as you say,

　　There was a' gaming; there o'ertook in's rouse;

　　There falling out at tennis:' or perchance,

　　'I saw him enter such a house of sale,'

　　Videlicet, a brothel, or so forth.

　　See you now;

　　Your bait of falsehood takes this carp of truth:

　　And thus do we of wisdom and of reach,

　　With windlasses and with assays of bias,

　　By indirections find directions out:

　　So by my former lecture and advice,

　　Shall you my son. You have me, have you not?

　　REYNALDO

　　My lord, I have.

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　God be wi' you; fare you well.

　　REYNALDO

　　Good my lord!

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　Observe his inclination in yourself.

　　REYNALDO

　　I shall, my lord.

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　And let him ply his music.

　　REYNALDO

　　Well, my lord.

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　Farewell!

　　Exit REYNALDO

　　Enter OPHELIA

　　How now, Ophelia! what's the matter?

　　OPHELIA

　　O, my lord, my lord, I have been so affrighted!

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　With what, i' the name of God?

　　OPHELIA

　　My lord, as I was sewing in my closet,

　　Lord Hamlet, with his doublet all unbraced;

　　No hat upon his head; his stockings foul'd,

　　Ungarter'd, and down-gyved to his ancle;

　　Pale as his shirt; his knees knocking each other;

　　And with a look so piteous in purport

　　As if he had been loosed out of hell

　　To speak of horrors,--he comes before me.

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　Mad for thy love?

　　OPHELIA

　　My lord, I do not know;

　　But truly, I do fear it.

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　What said he?

　　OPHELIA

　　He took me by the wrist and held me hard;

　　Then goes he to the length of all his arm;

　　And, with his other hand thus o'er his brow,

　　He falls to such perusal of my face

　　As he would draw it. Long stay'd he so;

　　At last, a little shaking of mine arm

　　And thrice his head thus waving up and down,

　　He raised a sigh so piteous and profound

　　As it did seem to shatter all his bulk

　　And end his being: that done, he lets me go:

　　And, with his head over his shoulder turn'd,

　　He seem'd to find his way without his eyes;

　　For out o' doors he went without their helps,

　　And, to the last, bended their light on me.

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　Come, go with me: I will go seek the king.

　　This is the very ecstasy of love,

　　Whose violent property fordoes itself

　　And leads the will to desperate undertakings

　　As oft as any passion under heaven

　　That does afflict our natures. I am sorry.

　　What, have you given him any hard words of late?

　　OPHELIA

　　No, my good lord, but, as you did command,

　　I did repel his fetters and denied

　　His access to me.

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　That hath made him mad.

　　I am sorry that with better heed and judgment

　　I had not quoted him: I fear'd he did but trifle,

　　And meant to wreck thee; but, beshrew my jealousy!

　　By heaven, it is as proper to our age

　　To cast beyond ourselves in our opinions

　　As it is common for the younger sort

　　To lack discretion. Come, go we to the king:

　　This must be known; which, being kept close, might

　　move

　　More grief to hide than hate to utter love.

　　Exeunt

　　SCENE II. A room in the castle.

　　Enter KING CLAUDIUS, QUEEN GERTRUDE, ROSENCRANTZ, GUILDENSTERN, and Attendants

　　KING CLAUDIUS

　　Welcome, dear Rosencrantz and Guildenstern!

　　Moreover that we much did long to see you,

　　The need we have to use you did provoke

　　Our hasty sending. Something have you heard

　　Of Hamlet's transformation; so call it,

　　Sith nor the exterior nor the inward man

　　Resembles that it was. What it should be,

　　More than his father's death, that thus hath put him

　　So much from the understanding of himself,

　　I cannot dream of: I entreat you both,

　　That, being of so young days brought up with him,

　　And sith so neighbour'd to his youth and havior,

　　That you vouchsafe your rest here in our court

　　Some little time: so by your companies

　　To draw him on to pleasures, and to gather,

　　So much as from occasion you may glean,

　　Whether aught, to us unknown, afflicts him thus,

　　That, open'd, lies within our remedy.

　　QUEEN GERTRUDE

　　Good gentlemen, he hath much talk'd of you;

　　And sure I am two men there are not living

　　To whom he more adheres. If it will please you

　　To show us so much gentry and good will

　　As to expend your time with us awhile,

　　For the supply and profit of our hope,

　　Your visitation shall receive such thanks

　　As fits a king's remembrance.

　　ROSENCRANTZ

　　Both your majesties

　　Might, by the sovereign power you have of us,

　　Put your dread pleasures more into command

　　Than to entreaty.

　　GUILDENSTERN

　　But we both obey,

　　And here give up ourselves, in the full bent

　　To lay our service freely at your feet,

　　To be commanded.

　　KING CLAUDIUS

　　Thanks, Rosencrantz and gentle Guildenstern.

　　QUEEN GERTRUDE

　　Thanks, Guildenstern and gentle Rosencrantz:

　　And I beseech you instantly to visit

　　My too much changed son. Go, some of you,

　　And bring these gentlemen where Hamlet is.

　　GUILDENSTERN

　　Heavens make our presence and our practises

　　Pleasant and helpful to him!

　　QUEEN GERTRUDE

　　Ay, amen!

　　Exeunt ROSENCRANTZ, GUILDENSTERN, and some Attendants

　　Enter POLONIUS

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　The ambassadors from Norway, my good lord,

　　Are joyfully return'd.

　　KING CLAUDIUS

　　Thou still hast been the father of good news.

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　Have I, my lord? I assure my good liege,

　　I hold my duty, as I hold my soul,

　　Both to my God and to my gracious king:

　　And I do think, or else this brain of mine

　　Hunts not the trail of policy so sure

　　As it hath used to do, that I have found

　　The very cause of Hamlet's lunacy.

　　KING CLAUDIUS

　　O, speak of that; that do I long to hear.

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　Give first admittance to the ambassadors;

　　My news shall be the fruit to that great feast.

　　KING CLAUDIUS

　　Thyself do grace to them, and bring them in.

　　Exit POLONIUS

　　He tells me, my dear Gertrude, he hath found

　　The head and source of all your son's distemper.

　　QUEEN GERTRUDE

　　I doubt it is no other but the main;

　　His father's death, and our o'erhasty marriage.

　　KING CLAUDIUS

　　Well, we shall sift him.

　　Re-enter POLONIUS, with VOLTIMAND and CORNELIUS

　　Welcome, my good friends!

　　Say, Voltimand, what from our brother Norway?

　　VOLTIMAND

　　Most fair return of greetings and desires.

　　Upon our first, he sent out to suppress

　　His nephew's levies; which to him appear'd

　　To be a preparation 'gainst the Polack;

　　But, better look'd into, he truly found

　　It was against your highness: whereat grieved,

　　That so his sickness, age and impotence

　　Was falsely borne in hand, sends out arrests

　　On Fortinbras; which he, in brief, obeys;

　　Receives rebuke from Norway, and in fine

　　Makes vow before his uncle never more

　　To give the assay of arms against your majesty.

　　Whereon old Norway, overcome with joy,

　　Gives him three thousand crowns in annual fee,

　　And his commission to employ those soldiers,

　　So levied as before, against the Polack:

　　With an entreaty, herein further shown,

　　Giving a paper

　　That it might please you to give quiet pass

　　Through your dominions for this enterprise,

　　On such regards of safety and allowance

　　As therein are set down.

　　KING CLAUDIUS

　　It likes us well;

　　And at our more consider'd time well read,

　　Answer, and think upon this business.

　　Meantime we thank you for your well-took labour:

　　Go to your rest; at night we'll feast together:

　　Most welcome home!

　　Exeunt VOLTIMAND and CORNELIUS

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　This business is well ended.

　　My liege, and madam, to expostulate

　　What majesty should be, what duty is,

　　Why day is day, night night, and time is time,

　　Were nothing but to waste night, day and time.

　　Therefore, since brevity is the soul of wit,

　　And tediousness the limbs and outward flourishes,

　　I will be brief: your noble son is mad:

　　Mad call I it; for, to define true madness,

　　What is't but to be nothing else but mad?

　　But let that go.

　　QUEEN GERTRUDE

　　More matter, with less art.

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　Madam, I swear I use no art at all.

　　That he is mad, 'tis true: 'tis true 'tis pity;

　　And pity 'tis 'tis true: a foolish figure;

　　But farewell it, for I will use no art.

　　Mad let us grant him, then: and now remains

　　That we find out the cause of this effect,

　　Or rather say, the cause of this defect,

　　For this effect defective comes by cause:

　　Thus it remains, and the remainder thus. Perpend.

　　I have a daughter--have while she is mine--

　　Who, in her duty and obedience, mark,

　　Hath given me this: now gather, and surmise.

　　Reads

　　'To the celestial and my soul's idol, the most

　　beautified Ophelia,'--

　　That's an ill phrase, a vile phrase; 'beautified' is

　　a vile phrase: but you shall hear. Thus:

　　Reads

　　'In her excellent white bosom, these, & c.'

　　QUEEN GERTRUDE

　　Came this from Hamlet to her?

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　Good madam, stay awhile; I will be faithful.

　　Reads

　　'Doubt thou the stars are fire;

　　Doubt that the sun doth move;

　　Doubt truth to be a liar;

　　But never doubt I love.

　　'O dear Ophelia, I am ill at these numbers;

　　I have not art to reckon my groans: but that

　　I love thee best, O most best, believe it. Adieu.

　　'Thine evermore most dear lady, whilst

　　this machine is to him, HAMLET.'

　　This, in obedience, hath my daughter shown me,

　　And more above, hath his solicitings,

　　As they fell out by time, by means and place,

　　All given to mine ear.

　　KING CLAUDIUS

　　But how hath she

　　Received his love?

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　What do you think of me?

　　KING CLAUDIUS

　　As of a man faithful and honourable.

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　I would fain prove so. But what might you think,

　　When I had seen this hot love on the wing--

　　As I perceived it, I must tell you that,

　　Before my daughter told me--what might you,

　　Or my dear majesty your queen here, think,

　　If I had play'd the desk or table-book,

　　Or given my heart a winking, mute and dumb,

　　Or look'd upon this love with idle sight;

　　What might you think? No, I went round to work,

　　And my young mistress thus I did bespeak:

　　'Lord Hamlet is a prince, out of thy star;

　　This must not be:' and then I precepts gave her,

　　That she should lock herself from his resort,

　　Admit no messengers, receive no tokens.

　　Which done, she took the fruits of my advice;

　　And he, repulsed--a short tale to make--

　　Fell into a sadness, then into a fast,

　　Thence to a watch, thence into a weakness,

　　Thence to a lightness, and, by this declension,

　　Into the madness wherein now he raves,

　　And all we mourn for.

　　KING CLAUDIUS

　　Do you think 'tis this?

　　QUEEN GERTRUDE

　　It may be, very likely.

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　Hath there been such a time--I'd fain know that--

　　That I have positively said 'Tis so,'

　　When it proved otherwise?

　　KING CLAUDIUS

　　Not that I know.

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　[Pointing to his head and shoulder]

　　Take this from this, if this be otherwise:

　　If circumstances lead me, I will find

　　Where truth is hid, though it were hid indeed

　　Within the centre.

　　KING CLAUDIUS

　　How may we try it further?

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　You know, sometimes he walks four hours together

　　Here in the lobby.

　　QUEEN GERTRUDE

　　So he does indeed.

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　At such a time I'll loose my daughter to him:

　　Be you and I behind an arras then;

　　Mark the encounter: if he love her not

　　And be not from his reason fall'n thereon,

　　Let me be no assistant for a state,

　　But keep a farm and carters.

　　KING CLAUDIUS

　　We will try it.

　　QUEEN GERTRUDE

　　But, look, where sadly the poor wretch comes reading.

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　Away, I do beseech you, both away:

　　I'll board him presently.

　　Exeunt KING CLAUDIUS, QUEEN GERTRUDE, and Attendants

　　Enter HAMLET, reading

　　O, give me leave:

　　How does my good Lord Hamlet?

　　HAMLET

　　Well, God-a-mercy.

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　Do you know me, my lord?

　　HAMLET

　　Excellent well; you are a fishmonger.

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　Not I, my lord.

　　HAMLET

　　Then I would you were so honest a man.

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　Honest, my lord!

　　HAMLET

　　Ay, sir; to be honest, as this world goes, is to be

　　one man picked out of ten thousand.

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　That's very true, my lord.

　　HAMLET

　　For if the sun breed maggots in a dead dog, being a

　　god kissing carrion,--Have you a daughter?

　　LORD POLONIUS

　　I have, my lord.

　　HAMLET

　　Let her not walk i' the sun: conception is a

　　blessing: but not as your daughter may conceive.

　　Friend, look to 't.